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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Kiribati (2008)
Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Kiribati (2008)
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) | Kiribati (2008) | |
 Islands-2006-bmala.jpg) |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.) |
0-14 years: 38.2% (male 20,886/female 20,322)
15-64 years: 58.4% (male 31,083/female 31,884) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 1,554/female 2,088) (2007 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts | copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish |
| Airports | 1 (2006) | 19 (2007) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006) |
total: 4
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2007) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 15
914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 4 (2007) |
| Area | total: 14 sq km
land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
total: 811 sq km
land: 811 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands |
| Area - comparative | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | four times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. | The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati. |
| Birth rate | NA | 30.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA |
revenues: $55.52 million
expenditures: $59.71 million (FY05) |
| Capital | name: West Island
geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
name: Tarawa
geographic coordinates: 1 19 N, 172 58 E time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year | tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds |
| Coastline | 26 km | 1,143 km |
| Constitution | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 | 12 July 1979 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati
conventional short form: Kiribati local long form: Republic of Kiribati local short form: Kiribati note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss former: Gilbert Islands |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 8.12 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $10 million (1999 est.) |
| Dependency status | non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $27.84 million largely from UK and Japan (2005) |
| Economy - overview | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. | A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few natural resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. Private sector initiatives and a financial sector are in the early stages of development. Foreign financial aid from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China equals more than 10% of GDP. Remittances from seamen on merchant ships abroad account for more than $5 million each year. Kiribati receives around $15 million annually for the government budget from an Australian trust fund. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 8.37 million kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - production | - | 9 million kWh (2005) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m |
| Environment - current issues | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs | heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | Europeans, Cocos Malays | Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census) |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO cabinet: 12-member cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for two more terms); election last held 17 October 2007 (next to be held in 2011); vice president appointed by the president election results: Anote TONG 63.7%, Nabuti MWEMWENIKARAWA 32.9% |
| Exports | $NA | 0 bbl/day (2004) |
| Exports - commodities | copra | copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish |
| Exports - partners | Australia (2004) | US 22.8%, Belgium 21.5%, Japan 14.3%, Samoa 7.8%, Australia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.7%, Taiwan 5.6%, Denmark 4.6% (2006) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | NA |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: 8.9%
industry: 24.2% services: 66.8% (2004) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 0.3% (2005) |
| Geographic coordinates | 12 30 S, 96 50 E | 1 25 N, 173 00 E |
| Geography - note | islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation | 21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | 216.4 bbl/day (2004) |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs | foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel |
| Imports - partners | Australia (2004) | Australia 33%, Fiji 27.1%, Japan 18.1%, NZ 6.9% (2006) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | 12 July 1979 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | 0.7% (1991 est.) |
| Industries | copra products and tourism | fishing, handicrafts |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total: 46.02 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 51.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 0.5% (2005 est.) |
| International organization participation | none | ACP, ADB, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO |
| Irrigated land | NA | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court | Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president |
| Labor force | NA | 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others | agriculture: 2.7%
industry: 32% services: 65.3% (2000) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005) |
arable land: 2.74%
permanent crops: 47.95% other: 49.31% (2005) |
| Languages | Malay (Cocos dialect), English | I-Kiribati, English (official) |
| Legal system | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws | NA |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007) |
unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (46 seats; 44 members elected by popular vote, 1 ex officio member - the attorney general, 1 nominated by the Rabi Council of Leaders (representing Banaba Island); to serve four-year terms)
elections: legislative elections were held in two rounds - the first round on 22 August 2007 and the second round on 30 August 2007 (next to be held in 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA, other 2 (includes attorney general) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total population: 62.45 years
male: 59.41 years female: 65.63 years (2007 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka | Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the Equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (UTC +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | - | total: 7 ships (1000 GRT or over) 28,435 GRT/42,682 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 3, passenger/cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 2 foreign-owned: 3 (Malaysia 1, Singapore 1, Turkey 1) (2007) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force | Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ |
| Military branches | - | no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands) (2007) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | NA |
| National holiday | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) | Independence Day, 12 July (1979) |
| Nationality | noun: Cocos Islander(s)
adjective: Cocos Islander |
noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural)
adjective: I-Kiribati |
| Natural hazards | cyclone season is October to April | typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level |
| Natural resources | fish | phosphate (production discontinued in 1979) |
| Net migration rate | NA | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]
note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 574 (July 2006 est.) | 107,817 (July 2007 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0% (2006 est.) | 2.235% (2007 est.) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (may be inactive) (2002) |
| Religions | Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) | Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, other (includes Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, Church of God) 8% (1999) |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.028 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.975 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.744 male(s)/female total population: 0.986 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
| Suffrage | NA | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system
domestic: NA international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station |
general assessment: generally good quality national and international service
domestic: wire line service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati (Christmas Island); connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; wireless service available in Tarawa since 1999 international: country code - 686; Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 287 (1992) | 4,500 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | note - analog cellular service available | 600 (2004) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 1 (possibly inactive) (2002) |
| Terrain | flat, low-lying coral atolls | mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs |
| Total fertility rate | NA | 4.12 children born/woman (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 60% (2000 est.) | 2% official rate; underemployment 70% (1992 est.) |
| Waterways | - | 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007) |
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